"FullText" links provide a connection to electronic or print copies provided by the Lehigh Libraries and other services, such as electronic abstracts and interlibrary loan requesting.

1994. This year sees the controversy gets serious when AFA objections to a full draft of the exhibit become public.

1/1994. Harwit's response to Aviation's July 1993 article is printed in full here, followed by some quotes from letters to the editors as well, such as "The debate over the morality of war has no place in a museum."

"NASM Responds to Our Charges That It Emphasizes Social Comment Instead of Aeronautical Heritage," by Arthur H. Sanfelici, Aviation, January 1994: 6. [FullText]

1/7/1994. "Sensitive discussions" with the Japanese about the exhibit: many people in Japan "do not think it right that America should put this plane on display. They say it is awful."

"Japanese Upset by A-bomb Exhibition," by Maurice Weaver, Daily Telegraph, 01/07/94, 14 [FullText]

1/14/1994. Harwit and his curatorial team complete draft #1 of the Enola Gay exhibit entitled: "The Crossroads: The End of World War II, the Atomic Bomb and the Cold War," though partial versions had circulated previously.

Outline of the proposed exhibit: [https://history-on-trial.lib.lehigh.edu/trial/enola/files/crossroads/crossroadsoutline.html]

Blueprint of the proposed exhibit: [PDF]

Unit I: A Fight To The Finish (3-22): [PDF]

Unit 2: The Decision to Drop the Bomb (23-56): [PDF]

Unit 3: Delivering the Bomb (57-95): [PDF]

Unit 4: Ground Zero (96-116): [PDF]

Unit 5: The Legacy of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (117-26): [PDF]

Blueprint of the actual exhibit that opened June 28, 1995: [PDF]

1/31/1994. Harwit forwards a copy of "Crossroads" to Hatch at the Air Force Association, asking that he "not circulate the material at this time."

[PDF]

2/7/1994. The exhibit's external advisory committee meets, suggests some revisions, but approves

2/10/1994. Crouch outlines public programs and symposia "we might create which would attract and inform a general audience and put the right face on the exhibit."

[PDF]

3/15/1994. Air Force Association releases a special report, the basis for its criticism. (Correll says the draft he used was obtained via a "leak" from the museum: "The Revelations of Martin Harwit," Air Force Magazine, December 1996.)

"The Smithsonian and the Enola Gay" [https://web.archive.org/web/20130511232526/http://www.afa.org/media/enolagay/03-001.html]

3/16/1994. Air Force Association press release on the nature of the draft.

"Politically Correct Curating at the Air and Space Museum" [https://web.archive.org/web/20060523032536/http://www.afa.org/media/enolagay/06-01.html]

3/24/1994. Description of the Enola Gay coupled with a vivid sense of the controversy brewing, calling the Enola Gay a "symbol of the perennial questions about whether moral lines can be drawn in warfare":

Deadly Courier Retains Its Place in History," by Arthur Hirsch, Baltimore Sun, 03/24/94, 1A. [FullText]

3/28/1994. The Washington Times, drawing on the AFA's "Politically Correct Curating at the Air and Space Museum" press release of March 16, fires the opening salvo in public.

"Inside the Beltway," John McCaslin, Washington Times, 03/28/1994, A9. The sub-section called "Rewriting History." [FullText]

"Inside the Beltway," John McCaslin, Washington Times, 03/31/1994, A6. The sub-section entitled "Naked Brutality." [FullText]

3/30/1994. Senator Nancy Kassebaum writes to Adams saying that an exhibit veterans will find objectionable is a "travesty" and suggesting that the Enola Gay be moved to the Kansas Aviation Museum.

[PDF]

4/1/1994. The Air Force Association publishes its first critique by John T. Correll in Air Force Magazine.

"War Stories at Air and Space," by John T. Correll, Air Force Magazine, 04/94, 24-29 [https://web.archive.org/web/20120426211544/http://www.afa.org/media/enolagay/07-01.html]

"The Decision That Launched the Enola Gay," by John T. Correll, Air Force Magazine, 04/94, 30-34 [https://web.archive.org/web/20121021222208/http://www.afa.org/media/enolagay/07-02.html]

4/2/1994. Good concise summary of the brewing controversy:

"Airpower Uber Alles," by David C. Morrison, National Journal, 04/02/94, 805: "So long as the exhibit devotes any significant space to the effects that the Enola Gay's payload had on Hiroshima -- much less setting the display of melted artifacts and photos of scarred survivors at what the script terms the 'emotional center' of the exhibit -- the airpower crowd will never be mollified. However much Air Force enthusiasts -- understandably perhaps -- resist dwelling at length on the devastation that their bombs can wreak on people and property, Harwit appears especially disinclined not to dwell on airpower cause and effect." [FullText]

4/7/1994. Memo from Correll to Monroe Hatch, executive director of the AFA, with information requested by congressional staffers.

[https://web.archive.org/web/20101227051332/http://afa.org/media/enolagay/balance.html]

4/7/1994. Harwit writes to Hatch, arguing against the value of airing differences in the newspaper: "We knew it would be difficult and perhaps controversial. . . . We all wish to honor the achievements of aviation, the men and women who took aprt in those developments, and the historic changes that flight through the atmosphere brought about in this century. . . . I was somewhat puzzled by today's report that you had delivered a copy of our script to the Times. . . . Let me propose that we agree to disagree, but do so with dignity."

[PDF]

4/8/1994. Air Force Historian Richard P. Hallion joins the AFA criticism, outlining five specific faults with the present script: "Although NASM has made some progress with the script, they presently appear unwilling to repair it, in the following areas."

[PDF]

4/12/1994. Adams writes to Congressman Montgomery to explain and defend the NASM, to "correct a great deal of misinformation and rumor": "the discussion of the use of atomic weapons is presented in the context of the entire war and the pattern of Japanese aggression leading up to it. The exhibit will make no judgment as to the morality of that decision."

[PDF]

4/15/1994. Air Force Association officers meet with House Government Operations Subcommittee on Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations: "As we stated during our meeting, our main concern is balance, context, and fairness. After reviewing our findings in this analysis, I think you will agree that this script is seriously flawed as it now stands."

[PDF]