"FullText" links provide a connection to electronic or print copies provided by the Lehigh Libraries and other services, such as electronic abstracts and interlibrary loan requesting.

4/1/1995. Air Force Magazine publishes its seventh article: "Rocked by cancellation of memberships and subscriptions as well as by the drying up of corporate funding sources, the Smithsonian commissioned a poll . . . to determine how badly it had been hurt by the Enola Gay controversy." One of the letter writers says that the arguments by a small number of scholars for the proposed exhibit makes "as much sense as a small band of neo-Nazis balancing the bulk of world opinion on the Holocaust."

"Smithsonian Continues the Cleanup," by John T. Correll, Air Force Magazine, 04/95, 16. [http://www.afa.org/media/enolagay/07-10.html]

"Backlash to the Backlash," Air Force Magazine, 04/95, 6. Three letters. [FullText]

4/4/1995. "With all of the recent discussion about Enola Gay and some academic types trying to rewrite history," a Congressman tells the story of a "great patriot" veteran from his district.

"In Honor of Hayne W. Dominick," by Bob Goodlatte, 104th Congress, 1st Session, 141 Cong Rec E 768 [PDF]

4/10/1995. Heyman denies negotiation with Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich: "I came to the decision to scale [the exhibit] back independently."

"Correspondence," by I. Michael Heyman, New Republic, April 10, 1995, 4. [FullText]

4/11/1995. Congress and American Legion keep the pressure on.

"Congressman [Sam Johnson] Keeps Asking about Enola Gay Exhibit," by Rowan Scarborough, Washington Times, 04/11/1995. [FullText]

4/19/1995. One piece of the Smithsonian salvage operation suggested by Heyman was an academic conference: "Presenting History: Museums in a Democratic Society," sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and the University of Michigan at the University.

"Museums in ID Crisis after 'Enola Gay,'" by Stephen Cain, Ann Arbor News, 04/16/95, C1. Three flaws in the Smithsonian approach: mixed the scholarly and the celebratory, failure of sensitivity, leading off with the bomb. [FullText]

Conference announcement: [PDF]

Extended conference summary (1-3): [PDF]

Extended conference summary (4-10): [PDF]

Extended conference summary (11-19): [PDF]

Extended conference summary (20-28): [PDF]

Extended conference summary (29-32): [PDF]

"Smithsonian Sifts Debris of Enola Gay Plan," by Eugene L. Meyer, Washington Post 04/20/95, D01. [FullText]

"Official: Enola Gay Response Unexpected," by Julie M. Klein, Philadelphia Inquirer, 04/20/95, A7. Tom Crouch is described as "largely unrepentant." [FullText]

"Exhibit Debate Looks for Understanding," by John Niyo, Ann Arbor News, 04/20/95, C1. [FullText]

"Historians Meet Uncertainly over What History Is All About," by Julie M. Klein, Philadelphia Inquirer, 04/24/95, D1. [FullText]

4/21/1995. Reviews the several areas of scholarly debate among and by historians.

"50 Years Later, the debate rage over Hiroshima," by Karen J. Winkler, Chronicle of Higher Education, April 21, 1995: A10. "Historical scholarship took a beating in the recent furor." [FullText]

4/1995. "Remembering the Bomb: The Fiftieth Anniversary in the United States and Japan." spec. issue of Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 27.2 (April-June 1995): 1-73. Contains several articles, including:

"Introduction: The Bomb as Public History and Transnational Memory," by Laura Hein, Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 27.2 (April-June 1995) 3-15: "In the end, the Smithsonian exhibit's censors have encouraged those Japanese who are most nostalgic for their Imperial past in a more profound way than the curators ever could have. Their celebration of state violence, silencing of critics as unpatriotic, willingness to justify unimaginable human suffering, and insistence that military decisions cannot be questioned after the fact can only move us closer to a world disturbingly like that of presurrender Japan." [FullText]

"Proposal for an International Appeal for Global Peace on the Occasion of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the End of World War II," by the Japanese Committee to Appeal for World Peace, '95, Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 27.2 (April-June 1995) 60-62: "The passage of months and years that now amount to half a century compels us to mourn all of the war's victims, irrespective of which side they were on during the war, and to renew our resolution never to repeat the tragedy of war." [FullText]

"Hiroshima/Nagasaki as History and Politics," by Sodel Rinjiro, Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 27.2 (April-June 1995) 37-41: "If the U.S. critics of the Smithsonian's proposed exhibition are to blame for exercising political pressure to prevent anything but a celebratory presentation of the atomic bombs, those who are behind the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum also must be criticized for failing to honestly present the aggressive nature of Japan's war." [FullText]

4/1995. Focused presentation of the conflicting positions in the controversy: the curators "did what historians do, sifting evidence and arguing about how best to read it." The opponents wanted "to control the imagery with which Americans remember" the end of the "good war."

"The Enola Gay and the Politics of Representation," by Lane Fenrich, Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 27.2 (April-June 1995). [FullText]

4/1995. Sampling of coverage in April by major media.

"The Enola Gay: A Silent Exhibit," Claudio G. Segre, San Francisco Examiner, 04/04/95, A17. "Make no mistake about it: this scaled-back display embarrasses us all." [FullText]

"Enola Gay Reception Canceled," by Rowan Scarborough, Washington Times, 04/07/95, A4. A public reception organized by Harwit to thank workers on the original exhibit is cancelled. [FullText]